新概念英语第二册lesson61:新概念英语第2册Lesson61~63重要句型及语言点

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新概念英语第2册Lesson61重要句型及语言点

　　重要句型或语法

　　将来完成进行时

　　本课主要学习将来完成进行时的用法，同时对比将来完成时和将来进行时的用法。如：

　　I will be writing letters all day tomorrow.

　　Soon the astronauts will have repaired the telescope.

　　By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days.

　　课文主要语言点

　　The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20, 1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. 1)The Hubble telescope，哈勃望远镜。课文里提到的发射日期有误，应该是1990年4月24日。 2)launch into space，发射到太空。 3)注意具体日期的介词要用on。 4)at a cost of，花费多少钱或代价。 5)课文中提到的哈勃望远镜的花费不准确，其实际造价和因为发射日期延误导致的额外维护成本共高达15亿美元。

　　Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. 1)right from the start，从一开始。 2)There is trouble with sth.，什么东西有问题。

　　The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! 1)注意it sent us用作pictures的定语从句，it前面省略了关系代词that或which。 2)注意使役动词disappoint的现在分词和过去分词形容词化后的区别，即disappointing表示令人失望的，而disappointed表示感到失望的。 3)main mirror，主镜片。 4)faulty，有错误的。源自名词fault(错误、缺陷)。

　　NASA is going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. 1)put...right，矫正、校正。 2)注意句中的send up表示发射升空。该短语采用了将来进行时，意指NASA派送宇航员去修理哈勃望远镜的镜片是按计划一定会发生的。此外，NASA当时派送的宇航员机组成员其实共有7人，不是4人。

　　The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. 1)shuttle，航天飞机。 2)Endeavour，奋进号航天飞机。该词的本义是指努力做某事。 3)take sb to，把某人带到某处。

　　A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. 1)robot-arm，机械臂。 2)grab，抓住。 3)hold，紧紧握住、稳住。 4)make repairs，修理。

　　Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. 1)atmosphere，大气层。该词由atmo-(空气)和sphere(球体)组成。 2)distant，遥远的。相当于faraway。 3)galaxy，银河系。

　　The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. 1)a great deal，许多、大量。 2)universe，宇宙。

　　By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. 1)by the time+表将来的从句，其主句谓语动词要采用将来完成时。 2)eagle eye，鹰眼。 3)thousands and thousands of，千千万万。

新概念英语第2册Lesson62重要句型及语言点

　　重要句型或语法

　　过去完成进行时

　　本课主要学习过去完成进行时，并对比了过去完成时的区别。如：

　　He had already finished work before I arrived.

　　He had been working in a factory for years before he got this job.

　　课文主要语言点

　　Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. 1)fireman，消防员。相当于firefighter。 2)fight the fire，扑火。 3)可提问学生为什么fight要采用过去完成进行时(因为could get it under control已经是过去的动作，而fight the fire是在此之前发生的，而且过去三周一直在持续扑火)。 4)get...under control，控制住。

　　A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. 1)a short time before，不久之前。注意before不能换做ago，否则后面的动词cover就要采用一般过去时了。 2)for miles around，方圆几英里。

　　Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. 1)rise up from...从...升起。 2)the warm ground，发热的地面。之所以发热，是因为刚刚经历过大火。 3)over the desolate hills，注意该短语所指的不是ground，而是指smoke，即烟雾在荒凉的山丘上弥漫。desolate，荒凉的。 4)注意hill(山丘)与mountain(山脉)的区别。

　　Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding village with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. 1)be coming on，即将来临。 2)threaten...with...，以...相威胁。注意threaten源自名词threat。 3)surrounding，周围的、周边的。 4)注意for引导的是表原因的并列句，起着补充说明的作用。 5)heavy rain，大雨。 6)注意“not only... but...as well”引导的并列句。其中，but前面一般要加逗号;as well可以替换为also，但also要紧跟but。 7)wash away，冲走。 8)soil，土壤。 9)cause，导致。 10)serious flood，严重的洪水。

　　When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. 1)put out，扑灭。 2)at last，最后、终于。该短语用在此处起到一定的强调作用，强调好不容易终于把火扑灭了。 3)authority，*。一般都用复数。 4)order，订购。可以用作名词。 5)a special type of，一种特殊的...

　　The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. 1)注意seed用作不可数名词，表示种子。 2)spray，喷撒。 3)in large quantities，大量地、大批地。quantity，数量。注意与quality(质量)的区别。

　　By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. 1)提问学生句中的then指什么时候(指的是前一句中的for nearly a month when it began to rain)。 2)take root，生根、扎根。

　　In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. 1)in place of，代替、取代。 2)for centuries，几个世纪以来。 3)patches of green，一片片的绿地。patch，小片。 4)appear，出现。其反义词为disappear(消失)。 5)blackened，烧焦的源自动词blacken(使变黑，使发暗)。

新概念英语第2册Lesson63重要句型及语言点

　　重要句型或语法

　　间接引语

　　本课侧重的是：

　　1)当直接引语是祈使句时;

　　2)当主句的动词是insist或suggest等表建议、命令、要求和愿望等时。

　　如：

　　She told them not to make so much noise.

　　He insisted that I should stay to lunch.

　　课文主要语言点

　　Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. 1)has a circle of，有...的圈子。 2)be popular at parties，在聚会上受欢迎。注意对比be popular with sb.(受某人欢迎)。

　　Everybody admires him for his sense of humour - everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. 1)admire sb. for sth.，因为...敬仰某人。 2)a sense of humour，幽默感。 3)注意对比except与except for的区别：except只能放句末，而except for可以放句首。 4)that is，也就是说。在此用作插入语，表示补充说明。 5)注意复合形容词six-year-old中，year只能用单数形式。

　　Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. 1)close，亲密的。 2)make a speech，做演讲。 3)at a reception，在招待会上。reception源自动词receive。

　　This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves. 1)the sort of thing...之类的事情。 2)注意当thing作先行词时，关系代词多用that。

　　He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. prepare，准备。经常与for搭配，表示“为...做准备”。注意其名词为preparation。

　　He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. 1)include，包含、包括。 2)a large number of，大量的。 3)注意it值得是speech。 4)a great success，很成功。

　　As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. 1)可提问学生为什么finish用过去完成时(因为发生在told之前，即过去的过去)。 2)注意本句话中的told后面的间接引语的直接引语原本是陈述句。

　　Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. 1)disappointed，失望的。 2)注意原句中的this后面加上逗号。 3)as引导的是方式状语从句，表示“按照”。

　　On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. 1)on the way home，在回家的路上。 2)注意本句话中的间接引语的原文是一般疑问句，所以用了if来引导。

　　To his surprise, she said she hadn't. 1)to one's surprise，令某人惊讶的是。 2)注意she hadn't后面省略了enjoyed his speech。

　　Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him! 1)注意句中asked引导的间接引语的直接引语原文应该是由why引导的特殊疑问句。 2)注意so指代的是前文中提到的Jenny不喜欢Jeremy做的演讲。 3)see sb. doing sth.看见某人一直在做某事。

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