
The importance of olfactory communication (using odors to communicate) in the way of life of deer was documented by a study of captive adult male deer a few decades ago, which noted that males rubbed their foreheads on branches and twigs, especially as autumn approached. (TPO28, 45)
olfactory /ɒl'fækt(ə)rɪ/ adj. 嗅觉的
document /'dɒkjʊm(ə)nt/ vt. 用文件证实或证明(某事)
captive /'kæptɪv/ adj. 被捕获的,被俘虏的
twig /twɪg/ n. 嫩枝
approach /ə'prəʊtʃ/ vt. 接近, 靠近
大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解
The importance (of olfactory communication) (using odors to communicate) (in the way of life of deer) was documented (by a study of captive adult male deer a few decades ago), (which noted)(that males rubbed their foreheads on branches and twigs), (especially as autumn approached). (TPO28, 45)
托福阅读长难句分析:
这个句子的主干就是:
The importance was documented
修饰一:(of olfactory communication),介词短语
中文:嗅觉交流
修饰二:(using odors to communicate),非谓语动词
中文:使用气味去交流
修饰三:(in the way of life of deer),介词短语
中文:在鹿群生活方式中
修饰四:(by a study of captive adult male deer a few decades ago),介词短语
中文:一个关于被捕获的成年雄鹿的研究
修饰五:(which noted),从句
中文:研究提到
修饰六:(that males rubbed their foreheads on branches and twigs),从句
中文:雄鹿会在树枝和嫩枝上摩擦前额
修饰七:(especially as autumn approached),从句
中文:尤其当秋天临近时
托福阅读长难句参考翻译:
嗅觉交流(使用气味去交流)在鹿群生活方式中的重要性,被几十年前一个关于被捕获的成年雄鹿的研究证实,这个研究提到:尤其当秋天临近时,雄鹿会在树枝和嫩枝上摩擦前额。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、从句和非谓语动词,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
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