不规则动词过去式和过去分词的构成
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不规则动词过去式和过去分词的构成 (1) A—A—A cost—cost—cost(花费) hit—hit—hit(打,击中,撞) let—let—let(让„„) put—put—put(放„„) set—set—set(使开始,安置) shut—shut—shut(开) hurt—hurt—hurt(使受伤,痛) cut—cut—cut(切割) read—read—read(读) spit—spit—spit(吐痰) (2) A—B—A come—came—come(来) become—became—become(变成,变得,run—ran—run(跑) 成为) (3) A—A—B beat—beat—beaten(击,打) (4) A—B—B catch—caught—caught(捉住) teach—taught—taught(教) fight—fought—fought(打架) bring—brought—brought(带来) think—thought(想,认为) buy—bought—bought(买) learn-learnt / learned-learnt / learnedmean―meant―meant(意思是,意(学会) 谓) spoil―spoilt―spoilt(损害,糟塌) lend―lent―lent(借出) build―built―built(建立) send―sent―sent(送,发) spend―spent―spent(度过,花费) spill―spilt―spilt(使„„溢出) tell―told―told(告诉) keep―kept―kept(保持) sell―sold―sold(卖) feel―felt―felt(感觉) spell―spelt―spelt(拼写) smell―smelt―smelt(闻起来) sleep-slept-slept(睡觉) leave―left―left(离开) sweep―swept―swept(扫除) win―won―won(获胜) shine―shone /-shined―shone / shinedspit―spat―spat(吐痰) (照耀) find―found―found(找到,发现) sit―sat―sat(坐) say―said―said(说) dig―dug―dug(控) pay―paid―paid(付款,给„„报酬) lay―laid―laid(下蛋) find―found―found(发现) meet―met―met(遇见) make―made―made(制造,使„) feed―fed ―fed(喂养) have / has―had―had(有) hear―heard―heard(听) lose―lost―lost(丢失) hold―held―held(举,握,拿) bear―bore―born(出生) use―used―used(使用) understand―understood―understood(明get―got―got / gotten(得到,到达) 白,懂) hang―hung―hung (悬挂,逗留,lie—lied—lied-lying(说谎,撒谎) 徘徊) lie-lay-lain-lying(放,位于,hang―hanged―hanged(上吊) 躺) stand―stood―stood(坐,站) lay―laid―laid―laying(下蛋,产 卵) (5) A—B—C 1.i―a―u swim—swam—swum(游泳) sing―sang―sung(唱) ring―rang―rung(钟/铃响,打电话) sink―sank―sunk(下沉/下降) drink―drank―drunk(喝) begin―began―begun(开始) 2.A+ n blow―blew―blown(吹,刮风) know―knew―known(知道) grow―grew―grown(种植,生长) throw―threw―thrown(扔,掷) draw―drew―drawn(画) rise―rose―risen(升起,上升) 1 give—gave—given(给) take―took―taken(带走) drive―drove―driven(驾驶) see―saw―seen(看见) mistake―mistook―mistaken(错误) show―showed―shown/showed(给……wake―woke―waken(醒) 看) ride―rode―ridden(骑) write―wrote―written(写) 3.A+ en beat―beat―beaten(击、打) fall―fell―fallen(跌倒,倒下) eat―ate―eaten(吃) 4. B+ n speak―spoke―spoken(说、讲) break―broke―broken(打破,弄坏) freeze―froze―frozen(结冰) choose―chose―chosen(挑选) forget―forgot―forgotten(忘记) steal―stole―stolen(偷窃) do―did―done(做) hide―hid―hidden / hid(隐藏) wear―wore―worn(穿) go―went―gone(去) is / am―was―been(是) fly―flew―flown(飞) are―were―been(是) (6) A—B can―could(能 会) shall―should―(将 会) may―might―(可 以) will―would 动词的基本形式: 1)动词的五种基本形式及其构成 形式 构成 例子 动词原形 不带to的动词不定式 be, have, learn, like 单 三 1、一般在动词原形后+“s” runs, likes 2、以ch, sh , s , o, x 结尾的动词,teaches washes goes passes 在词尾加“-es” mixes , fixes. 单三 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i , 再加-es studies, try-tries 1、般在词尾加-ing reading 2、以不发音e结尾的词,先去掉现 e,再加-ing. like―liking , live―living 在 3、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有分 一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字begin―beginning, sit―sitting, 词 母再加-ing. stop―stopping 4、以ie结尾的动词要变ie为ydie―dying , lie―lying 再加-ing. tie-tying. 1. 在动词后+ -ed worked 2. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,carry-carried 先变y为i 再加ed. 过去式及过去分词 3. 以e结尾的动词,直接加-d live-lived 4. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只stop-stopped chat-chatted 有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅plan―planned 音字母,再加ed. prefer-preferred 2)巧记ABB型不规则动词 原形特征 过去式 过去分词 例 句 -eep -ept -ept keep, sweep , sleep -ell -old -old sell, tell -end -ent -ent lend , spend , send -ay -aid -aid say , pay 2 -n -ing -each -nt -ought -aught -nt -ought -aught burn, learn , mean bring , buy , fight ,think catch, teach 常用的同音词 our-------hour dear-----deer meat--------meet father----farther hair----hare(野兔) no----know right--------write hear-----here son------sun whether—weather sea----see their---there wait-----weight latter----letter where----wear wood------would way----weigh one---won too----two----to ate-----eight 3)巧记ABC型 原 形 过去式 过去分词 例 句 -eak -oke -oken break , speak -eal -ole -olen steal -ear -dre -orn -wear , bear , tear -ow -ew -own grow , blow, know , throw -i -a -u sink , swim , drink , ring , sing -i -o -n drive , rise , ride , write 一些常用的非持续性动词与之对应的持续性动词 borrow-keep(借入) buy-have (买回) come-be here(来) go-be there(去) die-be dead(死) open-be open(开) close-be closed(关) fall asleep –be asleep(入睡)put on-wear(穿) get up –be up(起床) get to know-know(认识) leave-be away(离开) come back-be back(回来) begin / start-be on(开始) end / finish – be over(结束,完成) wake up-be awake(醒来) marry/get married-be married(结婚) catch a cold-have a cold(感冒) start to study-study(学习) fall asleep-be asleep(入睡) lose-not have(失去,丢失) fall ill-be ill(生病) join-be in / be a member of(加入) reach / arrive / get to-be here / there (到达) be--------bee new------knew blue----blew(吹) peace------piece red------read(过去式) four-----for war-----wore its-----it’s pear------pair week----weak threw-----through nose----knows past----passed whose------who’s hole----whole buy-----bye----by I------eye hi-----high his-----he’s 常见的不规则名词复数 foot-----feet tooth-----teeth goose------geese mouse-----mice man----men woman-----women policewoman------policewomen Englishman-----Englishmen Englishwoman----Englishwomen Frenchman----Frenchmen Frenchwoman----Frenchwomen German----Germans sheep-----sheep deer----deer fish----fish ox---oxen Chinese----Chinese Japanese-----Japanese child----children tomato----tomatoes potato----potatoes hero----heroes Negro----Negroes woman teacher------women teachers 反义词 come---go left---right up---down in front of----behind clean---dirty new---old quiet---noisy big---small beautiful---ugly interesting---boring east---west south---north like---dislike dangerous---safe summer---winter autumn---spring hot---cold cool---warm humid---dry out of---into great---terrible short---long short---tall thin---heavy thin---fat curly---straight countable---uncountable large---small regular---irregular present---past happy---unhappy fair---unfair old---young fantastic---awful friendly---unfriendly expensive---cheap cry---laugh outside---inside in class---after class yes---no white---black this---that father---mother boy---girl grand father---grandmother aunt---uncle sister---brother borrow—lend son---daughter these---those question---answer he---she get up---go to bed full---empty full---hungry above---below on------under lost---found open---close give---get first---last write--right clever---foolish bring-take sell---buy woman---man busy---free crowded---uncrowded remember---forget safety---danger old—new weak—strong high—low 3 本文来源:https://www.wddqw.com/doc/3dde97252af90242a895e5dc.html