[2016年四级考试作文]2016四级考试阅读学习笔记(14)

Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.
　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
　　31. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be ________.
　　A) a technical failure
　　B) a technical wonder
　　C) a good life saver
　　D) an effective means to treat heart disease
　　32. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc. ________.
　　A) has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts
　　B) will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models
　　C) may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
　　D) can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years
　　33. The new models of artificial hearts are expected _________.
　　A) to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
　　B) to be set fully in the patient's chest
　　C) to be equipped with an external power source
　　D) to create a new passage for infection
　　34. The word "them" in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to _________.
　　A) doctors who treat heart diseases
　　B) makers of artificial hearts
　　C) America's health-care programs
　　D) new models of artificial hearts
　　注：指代题
　　35. Some people feel that _________.
　　A) artificial hearts are seldom effective
　　B) the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts
　　C) the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
　　D) America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
　　Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark - alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump - convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.
　　注：1.cheer 欢呼、喝彩
　　2.convince 使……相信
　　3.monitor 监视
　　4.review 回顾
　　5.the U.S. Food and Drug Administration 美国食物药品管理局简写FDA
　　●成果型文章：
　　1.文章中只有一个成果，作者正评价
　　2.文中出现新、老两个成果，新成果正评，老成果负评，抓住正负评价原因
　　3.抓住新老成果各自技术特点

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