[2017年中考英语真题及答案]2017年中考英语备考：语法易错易混知识点(6)

1. 〔误〕 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 〔正〕 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.

　　〔析〕 get in, 与 get out是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而get out为下车，但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词，所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲Wed better get in. 或Wed better get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车：get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)

　　2. 〔误〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 〔正〕 Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero. 〔析〕 over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.

　　3.〔误〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level.

　　〔析〕在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词，over与under也是反意词。

　　4. 〔误〕 There is a big tree in the front of the house. 〔正〕 There is a big tree in front of the house.

　　in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.

　　5.〔误〕 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 〔正〕 It took them two days to walk through the forest.

　　〔析〕 across 作为介词有两个主要意思：① 横过，如：I want to walk across the street.② 对面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.

　　6. 〔误〕 The sun sets toward the west. 〔正〕 The sun sets in the west.

　　〔析〕 towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：I went south. 也可用作名词，如：I went to the south.也可用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of China.

　　7. 〔误〕 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper with a pen? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper in ink? 〔析〕 with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。

　　8. 〔误〕 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 〔正〕 Im earlier today. I came here in his car.

　　〔析〕在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi

　　by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycle by ship=on a ship

　　9. 〔误〕 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 〔正〕 A lot of French wines are made from grape.

　　〔析〕 made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood.

　　10.〔误〕 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 〔正〕 This is a good dictionary on English grammar.

　　〔析〕关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。

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