[新概念英语第一册自学导读pdf]新概念英语第一册自学导读Lessons143-144

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1．is surrounded by，由……环绕着。

2．hundreds of people，数以百计的（游）人。

3．Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy．游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。

句中 have been asked是被动语态的完成时结构。（详见本课语法部分。）to keep the woods clean and tidy是动词不定式短语，作主语visitors的补足语。clean and tidy 是宾语 the woods 的宾语补足语。

4．go for a walk，去散步。

5．What I saw made me very sad．我所见到的一切使我非常难过。

句中的主语What I saw 是 what 引导的名词性从句。

语法 Grammar in use

被动语态（2）

上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式：

（1）现在完成时形式： has/have + been + 过去分词：

The basket has already been emptied.

篮子已经被腾空了。

They have already been invited.

他们已被邀请。

（2）一般将来时形式： will/shall +be +过去分词：

The floor will be swept soon.

地不久就会扫的。

The knives will be sharpened soon.

刀不久就会磨的。

词汇学习 Word study

1．place v.

（1）（小心地）放；放置：

He placed the record back to the shelf.

他把唱片放回到架子上。

Their request placed me in a difficult position.

他们的要求将我置于困境。

（2）任命；安置：

The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.

公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。

There is no better way to place the homeless children.

没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子们。

2．prosecute v.

（1）起诉，检举；依法处置：

Trespassers will be prosecuted.

闲人莫入，违者法办。

They prosecuted him for shoplifting.

他们起诉他扒窃商店货物。
（2）〈书面语〉彻底进行；执行：

We are going to prosecute the investigation further.

我们将进一步彻底进行调查。

3．surround v.

包围；围绕：

The beautiful white house is surrounded by green trees.

那所漂亮的白房子被绿树环绕着。

That old professor loved to surround himself with young people.

那位老教授非常喜欢年轻人围在他左右。

When I went into the room, I saw Tim sitting on the floor surrounded by boxes.

当我走进房间时，我看到蒂姆正坐在地板上，他的周围到处都是盒子。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

Lesson 144

A

1 The writer lives in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.

2 Because it is a famous beauty spot.

3 Visitors have been asked to keep the woods clean and tidy.

4 Litter baskets have been placed under the trees.

5 The writer went for a walk in the woods.

6 Yes, he saw a lot of rubbish.

7 He saw a sign among the rubbish.

8 The sign said, ‘Anyone who leaves litter in these woods will be prosecuted.

B

1 Someone has aired it. It has already been aired.

2 Someone has cleaned them. They have already been cleaned.

3 Someone has emptied it. It has already been emptied.

4 Someone has sharpened it. It has already been sharpened.

5 Someone has turned them on. They have already been turned on.

6 Someone has bought them. They have already been bought.

7 Someone has swept it. It has already been swept.

8 Someone has taken them to school. They have already been taken to school.

9 Someone has invited them. They have already been invited.

10 Someone has told them. They have already been told.

C

1 It hasn't been aired yeet. It will be aired tomorrow.

2 They haven't been cleaned yet. They will be cleaned tomorrow.

3 It hasn't been emptied yet. It will be emptied tomorrow.

4 It hasn't been sharpened yet. It will be sharpened tomorrow.

5 They haven't been turned on yet. They will be turned on tomorrow.

6 They haven't been watered yet. They will be watered tomorrow.

7 It hasn't been repaired yet. It will be repaired tomorrow.

8 It hasn't been dusted yet. It will be dusted tomorrow.

9 They haven't been corrected yet. They will be corrected tomorrow.

10 It hasn't been shut yet. It will be shut tomorrow.

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