厦门大学口译真题06秋2级
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2006年秋季厦门大学口译资格证书考试 2级试题 Situation: a Chinese host is discussing wealth and philanthropy with Professor Liberman, a sociologist from the United States. 主持人：观众朋友们，大家好！今天到演播室做客的是来自美国的社会学家Liberman教授。我们要讨论的话题是财富与慈善。// 不久之前，慈善界相继发生了两件大事。相信大家也都知道。先是世界首富比尔·盖茨宣布淡出微软的日常事务，将主要精力投入到以他和他妻子的名字命名的基金会“比尔与梅琳达·盖茨基金会”所从事的慈善事业中。接着是沃伦·巴菲特宣布将以股票的形式捐出超过85％的个人财富用于慈善事业，其中总价值约300亿美元的股票将进入盖茨基金会。Liberman教授对此怎么看？// Liberman: Two things struck me at once when I first heard of this largest ever donation. First one was a sense of excitement that someone could give away thirty billion dollars worth of money for charitable purposes. I think that’s terrific. But the second one was a big question mark: what are they gonna do with so much money? How can they manage it responsibly to deliver effectively benefits to those in need? // 主持人：也许巴菲特先生在决定捐出个人财产时也在考虑如何用好这笔钱的问题。他为什么会选择盖茨夫妇基金会呢？世界第二大富豪把钱交给世界首富，这是不是有点奇怪？// Liberman: Warren Buffett has made a very successful career making very shrewd investment. He is well known for purchasing a dollar of assets for 50 cents. While it's difficult to purchase a dollar of philanthropy for 50 cents, Buffett is doing his best to economize. By giving it to a foundation that is up and running, he doesn’t have to reinvent the wheel and create his own foundation. You know, creating and operating a foundation can be very expensive. You have to rent office space and hire executives, accountants, and support staff. // 主持人：毫无疑问，比尔•盖茨在个人事业上是非常成功的。但是他是否擅长管理慈善基金就不得而知了。听说巴菲特和盖茨私交甚好。这是他把财产捐给盖茨基金会的主要原因吗？ // Liberman: I think when Warren Buffett decided to give his money to the Gates Foundation, it was a combination of several factors. First of all, there is a personal relationship with Bill Gates. They have been friends for years. They have a lot of fun together. Secondly, I think he believes the Gates Foundation is run effectively and strongly. Thirdly, I think he believes in the fields in which the Gates Foundation is working are one that are important. I think he shares some of the values of the Gates Foundation. In those terms, it seems a very logical thing to put his money there. // 主持人：我们注意到，巴菲特捐资的方式是十分特殊的，他并不是以现金的方式，也不是一次性捐出来，而是以股票的形式，一笔一笔地捐，总价值大概是300亿。他为什么要采取这样的方式呢？// Liberman: According to American law, some 5 percent of the fund much be used for charitable purposes. If you don’t do that, then you cease to be a charitable foundation and you become subject to the full tax rate. That means if you can earn more than 5 percent on your fund, then the total value of your fund will increase or at least maintain value again inflations, so you are able to keep the value of the original fund. // Buffett has established such a relationship that each year, for a number of years, he will be putting a slice of the money into the Gates Foundation. At the same time, the value of his stocks are increasing, which makes the actual value of his donation higher than a lump-sum payment of cash. As I said, the value of the fund will be maintained against inflations. // 主持人：在我们中国人的传统思维中，父母辛苦工作赚钱都是为了孩子。孩子未成年时为孩子挣学费，成年后资助孩子买房子、结婚，到老了还把所有的钱留给子女。现在甚至出现了所谓的“啃老族”，年轻人不自食其力却要靠年迈的父母养活。可能有人要说了，做盖茨、巴菲特的子女没有沾多少光啊。您怎么看？// Liberman: Gates and Buffett share the philosophy that giving your children too much money is a burden, not a gift. Warren Buffet has three children. He once said he wanted them to have enough money so that they can do anything they want, but he did not want them to have so much money that they can do nothing. He believes his kids were born with the advantages of wealth, and grew up with great opportunities because of that. He believes it's neither right nor rational to be flooding them with money. // 主持人：听说美国的许多富豪的慈善理念在很大程度上是受到约翰•洛克菲勒和安德鲁•卡内基的影响。许多富豪都把回馈社会、帮助穷人作为自己的一项义务和道德要求。请问，美国的慈善事业是从他们两位开始的吗？// Liberman: Both John Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie and others inherited this view of charity. There was a long history of the idea that charitable work is everybody’s responsibility. When the United Stated was founded, there was a strong sense that individuals should be responsible for their own future and for helping others. Philanthropists believe that huge fortunes that flow in large part from society should in large part be returned to society. We Americans are grown up in such an atmosphere, surrounded day to day by facilities funded by charitable foundations and influenced by them, which helps to carry on the charitable course. // 本文来源：https://www.wddqw.com/doc/f2b95675783e0912a2162aa7.html