some measuring over 90 metres是何种用法?

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some measuring over 90 metres是何种用法?

人教版高中英语必修三第五单元课文中有这样的一个句子: It is so wet there that

the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿的湿度很大,所以树都长得特别高,一些高达90多米。有些同学会问:some measuring over 90 metres

是哪种用法?为什么用measuring,而不用measured

其实这是一个“独立主格结构”分词带着自己的逻辑主语,构成“独立主格结构”句中 measuringsome trees)是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式。有些同学误认为用measured,主要是因为没掌握好measure 的用法。

请看measure作动词的用法:

1 vt. 测量; 估量 Let us measure the height of the tree. 让我们测量一下这棵树的高度。

2 vi.(或linking verb)测量的距离(长度、宽度、数量等)

The tree measures 30 metres . 这棵树高达30米。

There is a tall tree measuring 30 metres in front of our room. 我们房前有一棵高达30米的树。(现在分词作定语,measuringtree是主动关系)

我们再来看课文中的句子:It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 句中的measure 是不及物动词(或者系动词)意思是“测量的距离(长度、宽度、数量等)”,和其前的逻辑主语some trees)是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式。

该句除了用“独立主格结构”以外,也可以用并列句式或定语从句,注意句式结构辨析:

The trees are tall, some measuring 90 metres. (独立主格结构。measuringsome trees)是主动关系)

The trees are tall, and some measure 90 metres.(并列句。measure是谓语) The trees are tall, and some of them measure 90 metres. (并列句。用人称代词them measure是谓语)

The trees are tall, some of them measuring 90 metres. (独立主格结构。measuringsome of them是主动关系)


The trees are tall, some of which measure 90 metres.定语从句。用引导词whichmeasure是谓语)

此外和measure 的用法相同的还有weigh,下面请看weigh的用法:

1vt. 称…的重量; 权衡 Do you often weigh your baby? 你经常给婴儿称体重吗? 2vi. (或linking verb)重量是 The baby weighs 8 pounds. 这个婴儿体重是8磅。 She gave birth to a baby weighing 8 pounds. (现在分词作定语 她生了一个8磅重的婴孩。

The dog gave birth to five little dogs ,some weighing 2 pounds. (独立主格结构) 这只狗产下五只幼崽,有些重达两磅。

高考真题体验:

1.(2010浙江) The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ______less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.

A. being weighed B. to weighed C. weighed D. weighing 答案D。考查现在分词作定语。句意:交通法则规定,四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。weigh用作vi. (或linking verb),意为“重量是”,children构成主动关系,因此用现在分词作定语。

2.(2011浙江)Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.

A. having B had C. have D. to have

答案A 考查独立主格结构。句意:令人惊讶的是,蝙蝠是长寿的动物,有些能活20年左右。somehaving是主动关系,因此用现在分词。


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